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black stork
:''This article is about the bird; see ''The Black Stork'' for the 1917 film. For the Pakistani special operations force known as the "Black Storks", see Special Services Group.''
The black stork (''Ciconia nigra'') is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. It is a widespread, but uncommon, species that breeds in the warmer parts of Europe (predominantly in central and eastern regions), across temperate Asia and Southern Africa. This is a shy and wary species, unlike the closely related white stork. It is seen in pairs or small flocks—in marshy areas, rivers or inland waters. The black stork feeds on amphibians and insects.
==Taxonomy and etymology==
The stork family contains several genera in three major groups: the open-billed and wood storks (''Mycteria'' and ''Anastomus''), the giant storks (''Ephippiorhynchus'', ''Jabiru'' and ''Leptoptilos''), and the "typical storks", ''Ciconia''. The typical storks include the white stork and six other extant species, which are characterised by straight bills and mainly black and white plumage.〔 Within the genus ''Ciconia'', the black stork's closest relatives are the other European species, the white stork and its former subspecies, the black-billed Oriental white stork of east Asia.〔 The black stork was found to be basal in analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA by Beth Slikas in 1997.〔 Fossil remains have been recovered from Miocene beds Rusinga and Maboko Islands in Kenya, which are indistinguishable from the white and black storks.〔
The black stork was one of the many species originally described by Linnaeus in the landmark 1758 10th edition of his ''Systema Naturae'', where it was given the binomial name of ''Ardea nigra''.〔 It was moved to the new genus ''Ciconia'' by French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson two years later.〔 Both the genus and the specific names are Latin; ''Ciconia'' is "stork" and ''nigra'' is "black".〔 The word ''stork'' is derived from the Old English word ''storc'', thought to be related to the Old High German ''storah'', meaning "stork", and the Old English ''stearc'', meaning "stiff".〔
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